Outline: The Glorious Revolution
I. England's Parliamentary tradition
A.
The Magna Carta
-- 1215
B. The Hundred Years' War
II. The House of Stuart
A.
James I
1603-1625
(James VI of
Scotland)
i. True Law of Free Monarchy
The Divine Right of Kings
ii. tunnage and poundage
iii. need for taxation
III. Charles I -- 1625-1649
conflict with
Parliament:
A. Petition of Right (1628) --
refused to
give Charles money
i. monarch could not collect taxes
without
Parliament's
consent
ii. civilians could not be forced
to provide
food or
shelter for soldiers
iii. military law could not be
imposed in time of peace
iv. no person could be kept in
prison unless
charged with a specific crime
principle of Habeas Corpus
v. Charles signed the petition
but continued
to impose taxes -- ship money
vi. Parliament protested he disbanded
it
vii. ruled for 11 years without
Parliament -
aroused opposition
B. repression of Puritans and other
non-Anglican Protestants
i. Archbishop Laud
ii. had many English Puritans
imprisoned
or fined
iii. Puritans gained support of
middle-class
townspeople
iv. tried to force Scottish churches
to use
an Anglican prayer book
v. Lowland Scots rose in
revolt
vi. needing funds to fight forced
to call a
meeting of Parliament
vii. Parliament refused to vote
Charles
money unless its complaints were settled
viii. king disbanded it after three
weeks -
"Short Parliament"
C. Catholic alliance
i. marriage
D. dissolution of Parliament in 1629
E. rebellion of Scots -- 1637
F. summoning of Parliament in 1640:
Long Parliament 1640-1660
i. passed laws calling for regular
meetings
of Parliament
ii. did away with special
"Star Court"
iii. new laws limited monarch’s
ability to
raise money without Parliament's consent
G. some in Parliament Revolted
i. Charles sent troops into
Parliament to
arrest
its leaders
ii. The militia ordinance
IV. 1st Civil War (1642-1646)
June 1642
Parliament moved to weaken
king's
control over the army
Puritan
members began calling for reforms
of the
Church of England
people
of London rioted and civil war began
in August
A. Roundheads -- Parliament’s supporters -
Puritans, middle
class townspeople
B. Royalists -- Cavaliers -- King’s supporters
--
Anglicans, catholics,
most of the House of
Lords, some
members of the House of Commons
C.
Oliver Cromwell
-- organized parliamentary
forces into the New
Model Army
i. Battle of Naseby (1645)
D. 2nd Civil War (1648) -- Pride's Purge
and the Rump Parliament
i. House of Lords abolished
ii. Charles I executed
(1649)
E. Puritan Commonwealth (1649-1653)
i. Persecution of non-Puritans
ii. charges of Anglican "popery"
F. Parliament dismissed (1653)
i. Cromwell as Lord Protector
ii. War with Spain and the Dutch
G. Protest -- Levelers
H. Cromwell died in 1658
V.
The Restoration
(1660)
A.
Charles II
(1660-1685)
i. secret Treaty of Dover
-- (1670)
ii. war against Protestants
iii. Declaration of Indulgence
(1672)
B. Cavalier Parliament
i. reaction to Cromwell
ii. support Church of England
iii. Whigs
iv. Tories
v. bills passed:
a. Corporation
Act
b. Act of Uniformity
c. Conventicle
Act
d. The Test
Act
e. The Exclusion
Bill
C.
James II
(1685-1688)
i. Catholic
ii. Declaration of Indulgence
(1687)
iii. suspension of Test Act
iv. standing army
v. wife gave birth to a Catholic
son
VI.
The Glorious Revolution
1688
A. James's daughter Mary married to
William of
Orange --
leader
of Protestantism on the continent
i. 1689 Parliament offered
the crown to
James
II’s Mary and William
major
step in Parliament’s supremacy
William & Mary
B.
Bill of Rights, 1689
C. Act of Toleration
granted Puritan Dissenters
right to worship
D. Act of Settlement
E. Act of Union
F.
John Locke
Second Treatise on Government
the right of the
people to rebel against an
unjust government
the American Revolution
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Austrian Absolutism
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Printable Version
Russian Absolutism
The Glorious Revolution
Printable Version
Printable Version
