Medieval
Life
Monasticism and the Growth of the Church
I. Organization and Religious
disputes
power of
the pope
beginnings
of monasticism
Early monks
The
Rise of Monasticism
A. Eremitical
monasticism
Christianity
vs urban society
i. St. Simeon the Stylite
ii. St.
Benedict
B. Cenobitic
monasticism
i. St. Basil
ii. St. Benedict
iii. took vows of obediance, poverty, &
chastity--
rule became guide for monastic life
iv Benedict divided the day into:
Opus manuum, Opus dei, & Lectio Divina
v.
St.
Patrick took Christianity to Ireland
vi. St. Columba established monastery
at Iona
Irish monasticism
Monasteries as cultural centers
vii. Augustine took Christianity to Germany
a. Germans resisted Christian ideas of
brotherhood, lone of enemies
b. missionaries assimilated pagan
customs into Christianity
viii. monasteries became important
educational and economic centers
Gregory the Great
The conversion of Clovis
Emperor Leo III -
Iconocalstic controversy
II. Monastic Revival
A. After
the Carolingians, monastic activity had
declined, monks became lax
B. Duke
William of Aquitane established
monastery at Cluny
C. Cluny
became center of reform
D. opposed
to The
Feudalization of the Church
opposed to simony
E. by the
11th century, nobles were appointing
bishops and priests, interfering in religious
matters
F. Cistercians
established isolated monasteries
to prevent interference
Bernard of Clairvaux
the movement for reform spread quickly
III. Gregory
VII
A.
Pope
Gregory VII
asserted the principle that the pope
answered to God -- all christians answered
to the pope began to exert papal authority
over the nobility
wanted to free the Church from lay control
Cross
versus Crown
B.
Henry IV, King of Germany and Holy Roman
Emperor -- refused to end the practice of lay
investiture
C.
Investiture
Controversy
Henry protested --
Gregory excommunicated Henry
Henry submitted to Gregory at Canossa -
1075
D.
Innocent III
disputes with Phillip II of France / John of
England
Francis
of Assissi -- Fransiscans
Some
Thoughts on Reading The Little Flowers of St Francis
The
Mendicant Friars
Dominicans
Albigensians
IV. The papacy in the
High Middle Ages
V. The
Crusades
The
Crusades
Pope
Urban
heresy
The
Rise of Popular Heresies
bishopric
Council
of Nicaea
Petrine
Doctrine
Bede
History
of the English Church and People
Iconoclastic
Controversy
simony
tithe
Indulgences
excommunication
relics
History
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