I.  Background of the Scientific Revolution
II. Changing views of the universe
   A. geocentric view -- Aristotle, Ptolemy
   B. heliocentric theory -- Copernicus
        i . Challenge to the old order
III.  Revolutionary thought
    A.   Copernicus   (1473 - 1543)
        i.  On the Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs, 1543
        ii.   the heliocentric theory of the universe -- A Sun Centered Solar System
        iii.  the Ptolemaic conception of the universe
    B.   Tycho Brahe     -- (1546-1601)  --  Tycho Brahe
   C.  Johann Kepler  -- (1571-1630)
         On the Motion of Mars, 1609
        i. Kepler's Laws of Motion:
       ii. elliptical orbits
       iii. planets move faster as they approach the sun
            Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion
        iv. length of orbit is proportional to the planet's distance from the sun
     D.  Galileo   (1564-1642)  --    The Galileo Project
          Galileo The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
        Dialogues on the Two Chief Systems of the World, 1632
       i.  believed knowledge came from experimentation
        ii. proved the truth of the Copernican model  --  The Telescope
        iii. Jupiter's moons and the new emphasis on observation
       iv. sun spots
       v. condemned by the church
            -- forced to recant, agreed not of to teach heliocentric theory
     E.   Isaac Newton  -- (1642-1727)
         newton.org.ukThe Virtual Museum Sir Isaac Newton
        i. Principia-- law of gravitation
       ii. synthesized previous systems
       iii. gravity and inertia helped explain  planetary motion
       iv. bodies obey laws of motion
      *  every body continues in a state of rest, or in a uniform motion in a straight
          line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed  on it.
      *  The Change of Motion is proportional to the motive force impressed, and
           is in the direction of the straight line in which that force is impressed.
      *  To every action there must be an equal and opposite reaction.
      * the mechanical universe and the impact of science on religion -- deism
IV.  Advances in Medicine
    A. Influence of Galen
    B. Paracelsus
    C. Vesalius
     D. William Harvey
V.  The Philosophers
    A.   Rene Descartes   (1596-1650) The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
        i. Discourse on Method  1637
      ii.  problems with our belief systems
      iii.  the need for a certain foundation upon which the erect our system of
            knowledge
      iv.  clear and distinct ideas
      v.  cogito ergo sum -- rationalism
    B.   Francis Bacon   (1561-1626)
          Francis Bacon  The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
        i. The Advancement of Learning, 1605 Novum Organum, 1620 and empiricism
       ii. the critique of old forms of knowledge:
             attacked the belief that most truth had already been discovered
             believed that scholars relied too much on the ancients
             Plato etc
             medieval scholasticism
             deductive logic
         iii. his new system -- inductive logic
             (from specific truths to more general claims)
         iv. emphasis on experience vs.  preconceived notions
V.  The Spread of Scientific Knowledge
   A. scientific societies
   B. The impact of science on society
        i.  Locke's natural rights theory of government
       ii.  The Laws of Nature in politics
       iii.  cause and effect -- checks and balances
             Two Treatises on Government, 1690
             Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 1690