The Rise of Towns and Trade
 I.  trade routes and trade fairs
   A. Flanders
       woolen cloth
   B. Italians broke Moslem control of Mediterranean
   C. Italians imported goods from Middle East
        Venice, Genoa
   D. trade fairs -- Champagne
         The Early History of Fairs
 II.  trade influenced growth of towns
         The Urban Economy
   A. renewed prosperity
        use of coins ducats, florins
       development of insurance, bills of exchange, banks
   B. need for skilled craftsmen
   C. population increase from 1000 - 1350
III.   Medieval Guilds
     A. merchants and craftsmen organized guilds --  Guilds and Commerce
         The Town Merchants
    B. crafts created rules, standards, monopolies
         The Eight-Hour Shift vs. a Guildworkers day
    C.  The Medieval Craftsman   apprentice system
    D. positions highly sought after
    E. putting out system eventually developed
IV.  Town Life
    A. townspeople sought independence from feudal lords
    B. some purchased charters
    C. towns were dirty, crowded
    D. craftsmen usually lived over shops
         Homes
    E. pollution
         Medieval English Towns
         The Church in Medieval Life
V.  the middle class
    A. status based on trade / craft skills
    B. bourgeoisie / burghers
           The growth of self-government

            Urban society