Carbohydrate Metabolism

The oxidation of glucose

Glycolysis – yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH

"Intro to Krebs cycle" – yields 2 NADH

Krebs cycle – yields 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH₂

NADH and FADH₂ each carry a pair of electrons to oxidative phosphorylation

Oxidative phosphorylation = electron transport chain

10 NADH yield 30 ATP

2 FADH₂ yield 4 ATP

Oxygen is essential for oxidative phosphorylation

It picks up electrons from the end of the electron transport chain

Each atom picks up a pair of electrons, attracts 2 protons and forms water

Cellular respiration = reactions requiring oxygen

If oxygen is not available, cell can survive for a while by doing fermentation

Fermentation "unloads" NADH so cell can keep doing glycolysis

Alcohol fermentation (yeast)

Lactate fermentation (animal cells)

Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise